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Referred pain is a phenomenon where pain is felt in an area of the body that is different from the actual source of the pain. This occurs because sensory nerves from various parts of the body can converge onto the same pathways in the spinal cord and brain, leading to confusion in the brain's interpretation of pain signals. As a result, pain originating from one location is perceived in another area that shares nerve pathways with the actual source of pain.

 

Referred pain can be described as dull, achy, or sharp, and it may be localized or diffuse depending on the underlying cause. It is often described as a deep, internal discomfort rather than a surface-level sensation.

 

Nerve entrapment, also known as nerve compression or pinched nerve, occurs when a nerve is compressed or constricted by surrounding tissues such as muscles, tendons, ligaments, or bone. This compression can disrupt the normal function of the nerve, leading to pain, numbness, tingling, weakness, or other symptoms in the area supplied by the affected nerve.

 

Chronic pain is a persistent and often debilitating condition characterised by pain that lasts for an extended period of time, typically lasting for three months or longer. Unlike acute pain, which serves as a warning signal of injury or tissue damage and typically resolves as the body heals, chronic pain persists beyond the normal healing time and may not have an identifiable cause.