Pelvis

SIJ pain refers to discomfort or pain arising from the sacroiliac joints, which are located at the junction between the sacrum (the triangular bone at the base of the spine) and the iliac bones (the large bones of the pelvis). These joints play a crucial role in supporting the weight of the upper body and transferring forces between the spine and the pelvis during movement.

 

Piriformis entrapment, also known as piriformis syndrome, is a condition characterised by compression or irritation of the sciatic nerve as it passes through or around the piriformis muscle in the buttocks. The piriformis muscle is a small, pear-shaped muscle located deep within the buttock region, and it plays a role in stabilizing the hip joint and assisting with outward rotation of the thigh.

 

When the piriformis muscle becomes tight, inflamed, or spasms, it can compress or irritate the sciatic nerve, leading to symptoms of piriformis entrapment. This can occur due to various factors, including muscle imbalances, overuse, trauma, or anatomical variations.

 

Pubic symphysis dysfunction, also known as symphysis pubis dysfunction (SPD), is a condition characterised by pain and instability in the pubic symphysis, which is the joint located at the front of the pelvis where the two pubic bones meet. The pubic symphysis is a cartilaginous joint that allows for slight movement and flexibility during activities such as walking, running, and childbirth.

Pubic symphysis dysfunction can occur during pregnancy due to hormonal changes, increased joint laxity, and the biomechanical changes that accompany pregnancy. However, it can also occur in individuals who are not pregnant, often as a result of trauma, overuse, or underlying musculoskeletal conditions.